ChWebsiteApp/CHDataManagement/Workouts/Locations+Sampled.swift

import CoreLocation

extension Array where Element == CLLocation {

    var totalDistance: CLLocationDistance {
        zip(self, dropFirst())
            .map { $0.distance(from: $1) }
            .reduce(0, +)
    }

    var duration: TimeInterval {
        guard let start = first, let end = last else { return 0 }
        return end.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(start.timestamp)
    }

    /**
     Sample the locations using a given time interval.
     */
    func samplePeriodically(at interval: TimeInterval) -> [CLLocation] {
        guard interval > 0 else { return [] }
        guard let start = first, let end = last else { return self }
        let totalTime = end.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(start.timestamp)
        let numberOfSamples = Int((totalTime / interval).rounded(.up))
        return periodicSamples(interval: interval, numberOfSamples: numberOfSamples)
    }

    /**
     Sample the locations at a fixed period determined by the number of desired sampels
     */
    func samplePeriodically(numberOfSamples: Int) -> [CLLocation] {
        guard numberOfSamples > 0 else { return [] }
        guard let start = first, let end = last else { return self }
        let totalTime = end.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(start.timestamp)
        let timeInterval = totalTime / TimeInterval(count - 1)
        return periodicSamples(interval: timeInterval, numberOfSamples: numberOfSamples)
    }

    private func periodicSamples(interval: TimeInterval, numberOfSamples: Int) -> [CLLocation] {
        guard let start = first else { return [] }
        var currentIndex = 0
        var currentTime = start.timestamp

        var samples = [start]
        for _ in 1..<numberOfSamples {
            currentTime = currentTime.addingTimeInterval(interval)
            while true {
                let nextIndex = currentIndex + 1
                if nextIndex >= count { break }
                let nextTime = self[nextIndex].timestamp
                if nextTime > currentTime { break }
                currentIndex += 1
            }
            if currentIndex + 1 == count {
                samples.append(self[currentIndex])
            } else {
                let before = self[currentIndex]
                let after = self[currentIndex + 1]
                let interpolated = before.interpolate(currentTime, to: after)
                samples.append(interpolated)
            }
        }
        return samples
    }

    /// Computes path length by moving along center-to-center lines, intersecting uncertainty spheres
    func minimumTraveledDistance3D() -> CLLocationDistance {
        guard count > 1 else { return 0 }

        // Remove the uncertainty radius of the first location
        var current = self.first!
        var totalDistance: CLLocationDistance = -current.uncertaintyRadius3D
        for next in self[1...] {
            let (movement, point) = current.minimumDistance(to: next)
            current = point
            totalDistance += movement
        }
        return totalDistance
    }

    /// Calculates the minimum possible ascended altitude (meters),
    /// considering vertical accuracy as an uncertainty interval.
    func minimumAscendedAltitude() -> CLLocationDistance {
        guard let first = self.first else { return 0 }

        // Start with the highest possible value of the first point
        var currentAltitude = first.altitude + first.verticalAccuracy
        var ascended: CLLocationDistance = 0

        for next in self.dropFirst() {
            let newMin = next.altitude - next.verticalAccuracy
            let newMax = next.altitude + next.verticalAccuracy

            if newMin > currentAltitude {
                // Lower bound must be adjusted
                ascended += newMin - currentAltitude
                currentAltitude = newMin
            } else if newMax < currentAltitude {
                // Upper bound must be adjusted
                currentAltitude = newMax
            }
        }
        return ascended
    }

    /// Calculates the minimum possible ascended altitude (meters),
    /// considering a given vertical accuracy threshold
    func minimumAscendedAltitude(threshold: CLLocationDistance) -> CLLocationDistance {
        guard let first = self.first else { return 0 }

        // Start with the highest possible value of the first point
        var currentAltitude = first.altitude + threshold
        var ascended: CLLocationDistance = 0

        for next in self.dropFirst() {
            let newMin = next.altitude - threshold
            let newMax = next.altitude + threshold

            if newMin > currentAltitude {
                // Lower bound must be adjusted
                ascended += newMin - currentAltitude
                currentAltitude = newMin
            } else if newMax < currentAltitude {
                // Upper bound must be adjusted
                currentAltitude = newMax
            }
        }
        return ascended
    }

    func interpolateAltitudes(
        from startDate: Date,
        to endDate: Date
    ) -> [CLLocation] {

        // Ensure valid range
        guard startDate < endDate else { return self }

        // Find first and last locations in the window
        guard
            let startLocation = first(where: { $0.timestamp >= startDate }),
            let endLocation = last(where: { $0.timestamp <= endDate })
        else {
            return self // No valid range found
        }

        let startAltitude = startLocation.altitude
        let endAltitude = endLocation.altitude
        let duration = endDate.timeIntervalSince(startDate)

        return map { loc in
            guard loc.timestamp >= startDate && loc.timestamp <= endDate else {
                return loc // outside window, unchanged
            }
            let progress = (loc.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(startDate)) / duration
            let newAltitude = startAltitude + progress * (endAltitude - startAltitude)

            return CLLocation(
                coordinate: loc.coordinate,
                altitude: newAltitude,
                horizontalAccuracy: loc.horizontalAccuracy,
                verticalAccuracy: loc.verticalAccuracy,
                course: loc.course,
                speed: loc.speed,
                timestamp: loc.timestamp
            )
        }
    }
}