Caps-iOS/Caps/Data/Database.swift

//
//  Database.swift
//  CapCollector
//
//  Created by Christoph on 14.04.20.
//  Copyright © 2020 CH. All rights reserved.
//

import Foundation
import UIKit
import CoreML
import SQLite

protocol DatabaseDelegate: AnyObject {
    
    func database(didAddCap cap: Cap)
    
    func database(didChangeCap cap: Int)
    
    func database(didLoadImageForCap cap: Int)
    
    func database(completedBackgroundWorkItem title: String, subtitle: String)
    
    func database(needsUserConfirmation title: String, body: String, shouldProceed: @escaping (Bool) -> Void)
    
    func database(didFailBackgroundWork title: String, subtitle: String)
    
    func databaseHasNewClassifier()
    
    func databaseDidFinishBackgroundWork()
    
    func databaseNeedsFullRefresh()
}

private enum BackgroundWorkTaskType: Int, CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {
    
    case downloadCapNames = 9
    case downloadCounts = 8
    case downloadClassifier = 7
    case uploadingCaps = 6
    case uploadingImages = 5
    case downloadMainImages = 4
    case creatingThumbnails = 3
    case creatingColors = 2
    
    var description: String {
        switch self {
        case .downloadCapNames:
            return "Downloading names"
        case .downloadCounts:
            return "Downloading counts"
        case .downloadClassifier:
            return "Downloading classifier"
        case .uploadingCaps:
            return "Uploading caps"
        case .uploadingImages:
            return "Uploading images"
        case .downloadMainImages:
            return "Downloading images"
        case .creatingThumbnails:
            return "Creating thumbnails"
        case .creatingColors:
            return "Creating colors"
        }
    }
    
    
    var maximumNumberOfSimultaneousItems: Int {
        switch self {
        case .downloadMainImages:
            return 50
        case .creatingThumbnails:
            return 10
        case .creatingColors:
            return 10
        default:
            return 1
        }
    }
    
    var nextType: BackgroundWorkTaskType? {
        BackgroundWorkTaskType(rawValue: rawValue - 1)
    }
    
    static func < (lhs: BackgroundWorkTaskType, rhs: BackgroundWorkTaskType) -> Bool {
        lhs.rawValue < rhs.rawValue
    }
    
}


final class Database {
    
    // MARK: Variables
    
    let db: Connection
    
    private let upload: Upload
    
    private let download: Download
    
    let storage: Storage
    
    weak var delegate: DatabaseDelegate?

    init?(url: URL, server: URL, storageFolder: URL) {
        guard let db = try? Connection(url.path) else {
            return nil
        }
        
        let upload = Upload(server: server)
        let download = Download(server: server)
        
        do {
            try db.run(Cap.createQuery)
            try db.run(upload.createQuery)
            try db.run(Database.Colors.createQuery)
            try db.run(Database.TileImage.createQuery)
        } catch {
            return nil
        }

        self.db = db
        self.upload = upload
        self.download = download
        self.storage = Storage(in: storageFolder)
        log("Database loaded with \(capCount) caps")
    }
    
    // MARK: Computed properties

    /// All caps currently in the database
    var caps: [Cap] {
        (try? db.prepare(Cap.table))?.map(Cap.init) ?? []
    }
    
    /// The ids of all caps
    var capIds: Set<Int> {
        Set(caps.map { $0.id })
    }
    
    /// A dictionary of all caps, indexed by their ids
    var capDict: [Int : Cap] {
        caps.reduce(into: [:]) { $0[$1.id] = $1 }
    }
    
    /// The ids of the caps which weren't included in the last classification
    var unmatchedCaps: [Int] {
        let query = Cap.table.select(Cap.columnId).filter(Cap.columnMatched == false)
        return (try? db.prepare(query).map { $0[Cap.columnId] }) ?? []
    }
    
    /// The number of caps which could be recognized during the last classification
    var recognizedCapCount: Int {
        (try? db.scalar(Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnMatched == true).count)) ?? 0
    }
    
    /// The number of caps currently in the database
    var capCount: Int {
        (try? db.scalar(Cap.table.count)) ?? 0
    }
    
    /// The total number of images for all caps
    var imageCount: Int {
        (try? db.prepare(Cap.table).reduce(0) { $0 + $1[Cap.columnCount] }) ?? 0
    }
    
    var nextPendingCapUpload: Cap? {
        do {
            guard let row = try db.pluck(Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnUploaded == false).order(Cap.columnId.asc)) else {
                return nil
            }
            return Cap(row: row)
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get next pending cap upload")
            return nil
        }
    }
    
    var pendingCapUploadCount: Int {
        do {
            let query = Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnUploaded == false).count
            return try db.scalar(query)
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get pending cap upload count")
            return 0
        }
    }
    
    var nextPendingImageUpload: (id: Int, version: Int)? {
        do {
            guard let row = try db.pluck(upload.table) else {
                return nil
            }
            return (id: row[upload.rowCapId], version: row[upload.rowCapVersion])
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get pending image uploads")
            return nil
        }
    }
    
    var capsWithImages: Set<Int> {
        capIds.filter { storage.hasImage(for: $0) }
    }
    
    var capsWithThumbnails: Set<Int> {
        capIds.filter { storage.hasThumbnail(for: $0) }
    }
    
    var pendingImageUploadCount: Int {
        ((try? db.scalar(upload.table.count)) ?? 0)
    }
    
    /// The number of caps without a thumbnail on disk
    var pendingCapForThumbnailCreation: Int {
        caps.reduce(0) { $0 + (storage.hasThumbnail(for: $1.id) ? 0 : 1) }
    }
    
    var pendingCapsForColorCreation: Int {
        do {
            return try capCount - db.scalar(Colors.table.count)
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get count of caps without color: \(error)")
            return 0
        }
    }
    
   
    
    var classifierVersion: Int {
        set {
            UserDefaults.standard.set(newValue, forKey: Classifier.userDefaultsKey)
            log("Classifier version set to \(newValue)")
        }
        get {
            UserDefaults.standard.integer(forKey: Classifier.userDefaultsKey)
        }
    }
    
    var isInOfflineMode: Bool {
        set {
            UserDefaults.standard.set(newValue, forKey: Upload.offlineKey)
            log("Offline mode set to \(newValue)")
        }
        get {
            UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: Upload.offlineKey)
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: Data updates
    
    /**
     Create a new cap with an image.
     
     The cap is inserted into the database, and the name and image will be uploaded to the server.
     
     - parameter image: The main image of the cap
     - parameter name: The name of the cap
     - note: Must be called on the main queue.
     - note: The registered delegates will be informed about the added cap through `database(didAddCap:)`
     - returns: `true`, if the cap was created.
     */
    func createCap(image: UIImage, name: String) -> Bool {
        let cap = Cap(name: name, id: capCount + 1)
        guard insert(cap: cap) else {
            log("Cap not inserted")
            return false
        }
        guard storage.save(image: image, for: cap.id) else {
            log("Cap image not saved")
            return false
        }
        addPendingUpload(for: cap.id, version: 0)
        startBackgroundWork()
        return true
    }
    
    /**
     Insert a new cap.
     
     Only inserts the cap into the database, and optionally notifies the delegates.
     - note: When a new cap is created, use `createCap(image:name:)` instead
     */
    @discardableResult
    private func insert(cap: Cap, notify: Bool = true) -> Bool {
        do {
            try db.run(cap.insertQuery)
            if notify {
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    self.delegate?.database(didAddCap: cap)
                }
            }
            return true
        } catch {
            log("Failed to insert cap \(cap.id): \(error)")
            return false
        }
    }
    
    func add(image: UIImage, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        guard let version = count(for: cap) else {
            log("Failed to get count for cap \(cap)")
            return false
        }
        guard storage.save(image: image, for: cap, version: version) else {
            log("Failed to save image \(version) for cap \(cap) to disk")
            return false
        }
        guard update(count: version + 1, for: cap) else {
            log("Failed update count \(version) for cap \(cap)")
            return false
        }
        guard addPendingUpload(for: cap, version: version) else {
            log("Failed to add cap \(cap) version \(version) to upload queue")
            return false
        }
        startBackgroundWork()
        return true
    }
    
    // MARK: Updating cap properties
    
    private func update(_ property: String, for cap: Int, notify: Bool = true, setter: Setter...) -> Bool {
        do {
            let query = updateQuery(for: cap).update(setter)
            try db.run(query)
            if notify {
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    self.delegate?.database(didChangeCap: cap)
                }
            }
            return true
        } catch {
            log("Failed to update \(property) for cap \(cap): \(error)")
            return false
        }
    }
    
    @discardableResult
    private func update(uploaded: Bool, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        update("uploaded", for: cap, setter: Cap.columnUploaded <- uploaded)
    }

    @discardableResult
    private func update(count: Int, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        update("count", for: cap, setter: Cap.columnCount <- count)
    }
    
    @discardableResult
    private func update(matched: Bool, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        update("matched", for: cap, setter: Cap.columnMatched <- matched)
    }
    
    // MARK: External editing
    
    /**
     Update the `name` of a cap.
     */
    @discardableResult
    func update(name: String, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        guard update("name", for: cap, setter: Cap.columnName <- name, Cap.columnUploaded <- false) else {
            return false
        }
        startBackgroundWork()
        return true
    }
    
    @discardableResult
    private func updateWithoutUpload(name: String, for cap: Int) -> Bool {
        update("name", for: cap, notify: false, setter: Cap.columnName <- name)
    }
    
    func update(recognizedCaps: Set<Int>) {
        let unrecognized = self.unmatchedCaps
        // Update caps which haven't been recognized before
        let newlyRecognized = recognizedCaps.intersection(unrecognized)
        let logIndividualMessages = newlyRecognized.count < 10
        if !logIndividualMessages {
            log("Marking \(newlyRecognized.count) caps as matched")
        }
        for cap in newlyRecognized {
            if logIndividualMessages {
                log("Marking cap \(cap) as matched")
            }
            update(matched: true, for: cap)
        }
        // Update caps which are no longer recognized
        let missing = Set(1...capCount).subtracting(recognizedCaps).subtracting(unrecognized)
        for cap in missing {
            log("Marking cap \(cap) as not matched")
            update(matched: false, for: cap)
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: Uploads
    
    @discardableResult
    private func addPendingUpload(for cap: Int, version: Int) -> Bool {
        do {
            guard try db.scalar(upload.existsQuery(for: cap, version: version)) == 0 else {
                return true
            }
            try db.run(upload.insertQuery(for: cap, version: version))
            return true
        } catch {
            log("Failed to add pending upload of cap \(cap) version \(version): \(error)")
            return false
        }
    }
    
    @discardableResult
    private func removePendingUpload(for cap: Int, version: Int) -> Bool {
        do {
            try db.run(upload.deleteQuery(for: cap, version: version))
            return true
        } catch {
            log("Failed to remove pending upload of cap \(cap) version \(version): \(error)")
            return false
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: Information retrieval
    
    func cap(for id: Int) -> Cap? {
        do {
            guard let row = try db.pluck(updateQuery(for: id)) else {
                log("No cap with id \(id) in database")
                return nil
            }
            return Cap(row: row)
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get cap \(id): \(error)")
            return nil
        }
    }
    
    private func count(for cap: Int) -> Int? {
        do {
            let row = try db.pluck(updateQuery(for: cap).select(Cap.columnCount))
            return row?[Cap.columnCount]
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get count for cap \(cap)")
            return nil
        }
    }
    
    func countOfCaps(withImageCountLessThan limit: Int) -> Int {
        do {
            return try db.scalar(Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnCount < limit).count)
        } catch {
            log("Failed to get caps with less than \(limit) images")
            return 0
        }
    }
    
    func lowestImageCountForCaps(startingAt start: Int) -> (count: Int, numberOfCaps: Int) {
        do {
            var currentCount = start - 1
            var capsFound = 0
            repeat {
                currentCount += 1
                capsFound = try db.scalar(Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnCount == currentCount).count)
            } while capsFound == 0
            
            return (currentCount, capsFound)
        } catch {
            return (0,0)
        }
    }
    
    func updateQuery(for cap: Int) -> Table {
        Cap.table.filter(Cap.columnId == cap)
    }
    
    // MARK: Downloads
    
    @discardableResult
    func downloadImage(for cap: Int, version: Int = 0, completion: @escaping (_ image: UIImage?) -> Void) -> Bool {
        let url = storage.localImageUrl(for: cap, version: version)
        return download.image(for: cap, version: version, to: url) { success in
            if version == 0 && success {
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    self.delegate?.database(didLoadImageForCap: cap)
                }
            }
            let image = self.storage.image(for: cap, version: version)
            completion(image)
        }
    }
    
    private func update(names: [String]) {
        let notify = capCount > 0
        log("Downloaded cap names (initialDownload: \(!notify))")
        let caps = self.capDict
        let changed: [Int] = names.enumerated().compactMap { id, name in
            let id = id + 1
            guard let existingName = caps[id]?.name else {
                // Insert cap
                let cap = Cap(id: id, name: name, count: 0)
                guard insert(cap: cap, notify: notify) else {
                    return nil
                }
                return id
            }
            guard existingName != name else {
                // Name unchanged
                return nil
            }
            guard updateWithoutUpload(name: name, for: id) else {
                return nil
            }
            return id
        }
        if !notify {
            log("Added \(changed.count) new caps after initial download")
            delegate?.databaseNeedsFullRefresh()
        }
    }
    
    var isDoingWorkInBackgound: Bool {
        backgroundTaskStatus != nil
    }
    
    private var didUpdateBackgroundItems = false
    private var backgroundTaskStatus: BackgroundWorkTaskType? = nil
    private var expectedBackgroundWorkStatus: BackgroundWorkTaskType? = nil
    
    private var nextBackgroundWorkStatus: BackgroundWorkTaskType? {
        guard let oldType = backgroundTaskStatus else {
            return expectedBackgroundWorkStatus
        }
        guard let type = expectedBackgroundWorkStatus else {
            return backgroundTaskStatus?.nextType
        }
        guard oldType > type else {
            return type
        }
        return oldType.nextType
    }
    
    private func setNextBackgroundWorkStatus() -> BackgroundWorkTaskType? {
        backgroundTaskStatus = nextBackgroundWorkStatus
        expectedBackgroundWorkStatus = nil
        return backgroundTaskStatus
    }
    
    private let context = CIContext(options: [.workingColorSpace: kCFNull!])
    
    
    func startInitialDownload() {
        startBackgroundWork(startingWith: .downloadCapNames)
    }
    
    func scheduleClassifierDownload() {
        startBackgroundWork(startingWith: .downloadClassifier)
    }
    
    func startBackgroundWork() {
        startBackgroundWork(startingWith: .uploadingCaps)
    }
    
    private func startBackgroundWork(startingWith type: BackgroundWorkTaskType) {
        guard !isDoingWorkInBackgound else {
            if expectedBackgroundWorkStatus?.rawValue ?? 0 < type.rawValue {
                log("Background work scheduled: \(type)")
                expectedBackgroundWorkStatus = type
            }
            return
        }
        DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility).async {
            self.performAllBackgroundWorkItems(allItemsStartingAt: type)
        }
    }
    
    private func performAllBackgroundWorkItems(allItemsStartingAt type: BackgroundWorkTaskType) {
        didUpdateBackgroundItems = false
        expectedBackgroundWorkStatus = type
        log("Starting background task")
        while let type = setNextBackgroundWorkStatus() {
            log("Handling background task: \(type)")
            guard performAllItems(for: type) else {
                // If an error occurs, stop the background tasks
                backgroundTaskStatus = nil
                expectedBackgroundWorkStatus = nil
                break
            }
        }
        log("Background work completed")
        delegate?.databaseDidFinishBackgroundWork()
    }
    
    private func performAllItems(for type: BackgroundWorkTaskType) -> Bool {
        switch type {
        case .downloadCapNames:
            return downloadCapNames()
        case .downloadCounts:
            return downloadImageCounts()
        case .downloadClassifier:
            return downloadClassifier()
        case .uploadingCaps:
            return uploadCaps()
        case .uploadingImages:
            return uploadImages()
        case .downloadMainImages:
            return downloadMainImages()
        case .creatingThumbnails:
            return createThumbnails()
        case .creatingColors:
            return createColors()
        }
    }
    
    private func downloadCapNames() -> Bool {
        log("Downloading cap names")
        let result = DispatchGroup.singleTask { callback in
            download.names { names in
                guard let names = names else {
                    callback(false)
                    return
                }
                self.update(names: names)
                callback(true)
            }
        }
        log("Completed download of cap names")
        return result
    }
    
    private func downloadImageCounts() -> Bool {
        log("Downloading cap image counts")
        let result = DispatchGroup.singleTask { callback in
            download.imageCounts { counts in
                guard let counts = counts else {
                    self.log("Failed to download server image counts")
                    callback(false)
                    return
                }
                let newCaps = self.didDownload(imageCounts: counts)
                
                guard newCaps.count > 0 else {
                    callback(true)
                    return
                }
                self.log("Found \(newCaps.count) new caps on the server.")
                self.downloadInfo(for: newCaps) { success in
                    callback(success)
                }
            }
        }
        guard result else {
            log("Failed download of cap image counts")
            return false
        }
        log("Completed download of cap image counts")
        return true
    }
    
    private func downloadClassifier() -> Bool {
        log("Downloading classifier (if needed)")
        let result = DispatchGroup.singleTask { callback in
            download.classifierVersion { version in
                guard let version = version else {
                    self.log("Failed to download server model version")
                    callback(false)
                    return
                }
                let ownVersion = self.classifierVersion
                guard ownVersion < version else {
                    self.log("Not updating classifier: Own version \(ownVersion), server version \(version)")
                    callback(true)
                    return
                }
                let title = "Download classifier"
                let detail = ownVersion == 0 ?
                    "A classifier to match caps is available for download (version \(version)). Would you like to download it now?" :
                    "Version \(version) of the classifier is available for download (You have version \(ownVersion)). Would you like to download it now?"
                self.delegate!.database(needsUserConfirmation: title, body: detail) { proceed in
                    guard proceed else {
                        self.log("User skipped classifier download")
                        callback(true)
                        return
                    }
                    self.download.classifier { progress, received, total in
                        let t = ByteCountFormatter.string(fromByteCount: total, countStyle: .file)
                        let r = ByteCountFormatter.string(fromByteCount: received, countStyle: .file)
                        let title = String(format: "%.0f", progress * 100) + " % (\(r) / \(t))"
                        self.delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Downloading classifier", subtitle: title)
                    } completion: { url in
                        guard let url = url else {
                            self.log("Failed to download classifier")
                            callback(false)
                            return
                        }
                        let compiledUrl: URL
                        do {
                            compiledUrl = try MLModel.compileModel(at: url)
                        } catch {
                            self.log("Failed to compile downloaded classifier: \(error)")
                            callback(false)
                            return
                        }
                        
                        guard self.storage.save(recognitionModelAt: compiledUrl) else {
                            self.log("Failed to save compiled classifier")
                            callback(false)
                            return
                        }
                        callback(true)
                        self.classifierVersion = version
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        log("Downloaded classifier (if new version existed)")
        return result
    }
    
    private func uploadCaps() -> Bool {
        var completed = 0
        while let cap = nextPendingCapUpload {
            guard upload.upload(cap) else {
                delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Upload failed",
                                   subtitle: "Cap \(cap.id) not uploaded")
                return false
            }
            update(uploaded: true, for: cap.id)
            completed += 1
            let total = completed + pendingCapUploadCount
            delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Uploading caps", subtitle: "\(completed) of \(total)")
        }
        return true
    }
    
    private func uploadImages() -> Bool {
        var completed = 0
        while let (id, version) = nextPendingImageUpload {
            guard let cap = self.cap(for: id) else {
                log("No cap \(id) to upload image \(version)")
                removePendingUpload(for: id, version: version)
                continue
            }
            guard let url = storage.existingImageUrl(for: cap.id, version: version) else {
                log("No image \(version) of cap \(id) to upload")
                removePendingUpload(for: id, version: version)
                continue
            }
            guard let count = upload.upload(imageAt: url, of: cap.id) else {
                delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Upload failed", subtitle: "Image \(version) of cap \(id)")
                return false
            }
            if count > cap.count {
                update(count: count, for: cap.id)
            }
            removePendingUpload(for: id, version: version)
            
            completed += 1
            let total = completed + pendingImageUploadCount
            delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Uploading images", subtitle: "\(completed + 1) of \(total)")
        }
        return true
    }
    
    private func downloadMainImages() -> Bool {
        let missing = caps.map { $0.id }.filter { !storage.hasImage(for: $0) }
        let count = missing.count
        guard count > 0 else {
            log("No images to download")
            return true
        }
        log("Starting image downloads")
        
        let group = DispatchGroup()
        group.enter()
        
        var shouldDownload = true
        let title = "Download images"
        let detail = "\(count) caps have no image. Would you like to download them now? (~ \(ByteCountFormatter.string(fromByteCount: Int64(count * 10000), countStyle: .file))). Grid view is not available until all images are downloaded."
        delegate?.database(needsUserConfirmation: title, body: detail) { proceed in
            shouldDownload = proceed
            group.leave()
        }
        group.wait()
        guard shouldDownload else {
            log("User skipped image download")
            return false
        }
        
        group.enter()
        let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "images")
        let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 5)
        
        var downloadsAreSuccessful = true
        var completed = 0
        for cap in missing {
            queue.async {
                guard downloadsAreSuccessful else {
                    return
                }
                semaphore.wait()
                let url = self.storage.localImageUrl(for: cap)
                self.download.image(for: cap, to: url, queue: queue) { success in
                    defer { semaphore.signal() }
                    guard success else {
                        self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Download failed", subtitle: "Image of cap \(cap)")
                        downloadsAreSuccessful = false
                        group.leave()
                        return
                    }
                    completed += 1
                    self.delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Downloading images", subtitle: "\(completed) of \(missing.count)")
                    if completed == missing.count {
                        group.leave()
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        guard group.wait(timeout: .now() + TimeInterval(missing.count * 2)) == .success else {
            log("Timed out downloading images")
            return false
        }
        log("Finished all image downloads")
        return true
    }
    
    private func createThumbnails() -> Bool {
        let missing = caps.map { $0.id }.filter { !storage.hasThumbnail(for: $0) }
        guard missing.count > 0 else {
            log("No thumbnails to create")
            return true
        }
        log("Creating thumbnails")
        let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "thumbnails")
        let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 5)
        
        let group = DispatchGroup()
        group.enter()
        var thumbnailsAreSuccessful = true
        var completed = 0
        for cap in missing {
            queue.async {
                guard thumbnailsAreSuccessful else {
                    return
                }
                semaphore.wait()
                defer { semaphore.signal() }
                guard let image = self.storage.image(for: cap) else {
                    self.log("No image for cap \(cap) to create thumbnail")
                    self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Creation failed", subtitle: "Thumbnail of cap \(cap)")
                    thumbnailsAreSuccessful = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                let thumb = Cap.thumbnail(for: image)
                guard self.storage.save(thumbnail: thumb, for: cap) else {
                    self.log("Failed to save thumbnail for cap \(cap)")
                    self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Image not saved", subtitle: "Thumbnail of cap \(cap)")
                    thumbnailsAreSuccessful = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                completed += 1
                self.delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Creating thumbnails", subtitle: "\(completed) of \(missing.count)")
                if completed == missing.count {
                    group.leave()
                }
            }
        }
        guard group.wait(timeout: .now() + TimeInterval(missing.count * 2)) == .success else {
            log("Timed out creating thumbnails")
            return false
        }
        log("Finished all thumbnails")
        return true
    }
    
    private func createColors() -> Bool {
        let missing = capIds.subtracting(capsWithColors)
        guard missing.count > 0 else {
            log("No colors to create")
            return true
        }
        log("Creating colors")
        let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "colors")
        let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 5)
        
        let group = DispatchGroup()
        group.enter()
        var colorsAreSuccessful = true
        var completed = 0
        for cap in missing {
            queue.async {
                guard colorsAreSuccessful else {
                    return
                }
                semaphore.wait()
                defer { semaphore.signal() }
                guard let image = self.storage.ciImage(for: cap) else {
                    self.log("No image for cap \(cap) to create color")
                    self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "No thumbnail found", subtitle: "Color of cap \(cap)")
                    colorsAreSuccessful = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                defer { self.context.clearCaches() }
                guard let color = image.averageColor(context: self.context) else {
                    self.log("Failed to create color for cap \(cap)")
                    self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Calculation failed", subtitle: "Color of cap \(cap)")
                    colorsAreSuccessful = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                guard self.set(color: color, for: cap) else {
                    self.log("Failed to save color for cap \(cap)")
                    self.delegate?.database(didFailBackgroundWork: "Color not saved", subtitle: "Color of cap \(cap)")
                    colorsAreSuccessful = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                completed += 1
                self.delegate?.database(completedBackgroundWorkItem: "Creating colors", subtitle: "\(completed) of \(missing.count)")
                if completed == missing.count {
                    group.leave()
                }
            }
        }
        guard group.wait(timeout: .now() + TimeInterval(missing.count * 2)) == .success else {
            log("Timed out creating colors")
            return false
        }
        log("Finished all colors")
        return true
    }
    
    func hasNewClassifier(completion: @escaping (_ version: Int?, _ size: Int64?) -> Void) {
        download.classifierVersion { version in
            guard let version = version else {
                self.log("Failed to download server model version")
                completion(nil, nil)
                return
            }
            let ownVersion = self.classifierVersion
            guard ownVersion < version else {
                self.log("Not updating classifier: Own version \(ownVersion), server version \(version)")
                completion(nil, nil)
                return
            }
            self.log("Getting size of classifier \(version)")
            self.download.classifierSize { size in
                completion(version, size)
            }
        }
    }
    
    private func didDownload(imageCounts newCounts: [Int]) -> [Int : Int] {
        let capsCounts = capDict
        if newCounts.count != capsCounts.count {
            log("Downloaded \(newCounts.count) image counts, but \(capsCounts.count) caps stored locally")
        }
        var newCaps = [Int : Int]()
        let changed = newCounts.enumerated().compactMap { id, newCount -> Int? in
            let id = id + 1
            guard let oldCount = capsCounts[id]?.count else {
                log("Received count \(newCount) for unknown cap \(id)")
                newCaps[id] = newCount
                return nil
            }
            guard oldCount != newCount else {
                return nil
            }
            self.update(count: newCount, for: id)
            return id
        }
        switch changed.count {
        case 0:
            log("Refreshed image counts for all caps without changes")
        case 1:
            log("Refreshed image counts for caps, changed cap \(changed[0])")
        case 2...10:
            log("Refreshed image counts for caps \(changed.map(String.init).joined(separator: ", ")).")
        default:
            log("Refreshed image counts for all caps (\(changed.count) changed)")
        }
        
        return newCaps
    }
    
    private func downloadInfo(for newCaps: [Int : Int], completion: @escaping (_ success: Bool) -> Void) {
        var success = true
        let group = DispatchGroup()
        for (id, count) in newCaps {
            group.enter()
            download.name(for: id) { name in
                guard let name = name else {
                    self.log("Failed to get name for new cap \(id)")
                    success = false
                    group.leave()
                    return
                }
                let cap = Cap(id: id, name: name, count: count)
                self.insert(cap: cap)
                group.leave()
            }
        }
        
        if group.wait(timeout: .now() + .seconds(30)) != .success {
            self.log("Timed out waiting for images to be downloaded")
        }
        completion(success)
    }
    
    func downloadImageCount(for cap: Int) {
        download.imageCount(for: cap) { count in
            guard let count = count else {
                return
            }
            self.update(count: count, for: cap)
        }
    }
    
    func setMainImage(of cap: Int, to version: Int) {
        guard version != 0 else {
            log("No need to switch main image with itself for cap \(cap)")
            return
        }
        upload.setMainImage(for: cap, to: version) { success in
            guard success else {
                self.log("Could not make \(version) the main image for cap \(cap)")
                return
            }
            guard self.storage.switchMainImage(to: version, for: cap) else {
                self.log("Could not switch \(version) to main image for cap \(cap)")
                return
            }
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                self.delegate?.database(didLoadImageForCap: cap)
            }
            
        }
    }
}

extension Database: Logger { }